OSH pulse 2025 : occupational safety and health in the era of climate and digital change : report

The years following the COVID-19 pandemic have seen shifts in the landscape of occupational safety and health (OSH), with new challenges emerging and existing ones evolving. First, the increasing adoption of digital technologies for work, such as artificial intelligence (AI), collaborative robotics or algorithmic management, which started well before the COVID-19 pandemic but had an important acceleration during the pandemic - especially when it comes to digital technologies enabling remote work -, has become a permanent feature in the world of work. While offering increased flexibility and efficiency, this digital transformation has also introduced new risks to workers' physical and mental health, including ergonomic issues, increased screen time, and potential for cybersecurity threats, and has become a challenge - but also an opportunity - in terms of OSH management. Second, the ongoing changes in work patterns and societal expectations have amplified psychosocial risk factors. The blurring of work-life boundaries, increased job insecurity and the pressure to constantly adapt to new technologies have contributed to rising stress levels and mental health concerns among workers. Third, the growing impact of climate change has emerged as a critical factor affecting workplace safety and health. Extreme weather events, rising temperatures and air quality issues are posing new risks to workers, particularly those in outdoor or climate-sensitive industries. Lastly, there is an increased focus on the broader health outcomes related to work. This includes not only immediate workplace injuries or illnesses but also long-term effects of work on physical and mental well-being, recognising the complex interplay between occupational factors and overall health.