Posting of workers : report on A1 Portable Documents issued in 2023

The Portable Document A1 (PD A1) (previously the E101 certificate) establishes the presumption that the holder is affiliated to the social security system of the Member State2 which has issued the certificate and confirms that the person concerned has no obligations to pay social security contributions in another Member State. PDs A1 are issued to various groups of persons, though mainly to 'posted' workers and self-employed persons (see Article 12 of Regulation 883/2004) and to persons who pursue an activity as an employed/self-employed person in two or more Member States (see Article 13 of Regulation 883/2004). Since 2014, data on the Portable Documents A1 (PDs A1) issued by the EU/EFTA countries and the UK are collected and reported by the Network Statistics FMSSFE, on behalf of the European Commission DG Employment. The A1 data in this report refer to the statistics provided by Member States for reference year 2023. Specific attention is paid to the use of the Framework Agreement on the application of Article 16 (1) of Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004 in cases of habitual cross-border telework that came into force on 1 July 2023. The summary focuses on the main findings for that year but equally on the main trends and evolutions compared to 2022 and even over a period of more than a decade.