Report on railway safety and interoperability in the EU 2024

This report is one of the visible results of the activities of the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) in monitoring safety levels and performance. It is also part of the Agency's effort to provide its stakeholders with a comprehensive overview of the development of railway safety and interoperability in the EU. In accordance with EU legislation, the report has been published by ERA biennially since 2006. Specifically, this publication is the fourth edition of the report on progress on safety and interoperability in the Single European Railway Area (SERA), a joint statutory report mandated by the recast Agency regulation. It follows the two thematic reports that have been published by ERA since 2006. Monitoring the safety and interoperability of the EU railway system is one of the key tasks of ERA. The Agency collects, processes and analyses different sets of data to support its recommendations and opinions. In this way, ERA facilitates evidence-based policymaking at the EU (and country) level. By continuously monitoring and analysing the safety and in-teroperability performance of the EU railway system, the Agency tracks the development of the SERA.