Study on the design of a monitoring framework of the EU One Health Action Plans against AMR and Council Recommendation on stepping up EU actions to combat antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach : final report

This report outlines the design of a monitoring framework for the EU's 2017 One Health Action Plan against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and the 2023 Council Recommendation on stepping up EU actions to combat antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach. The framework is designed to evaluate the implementation, progress, and impact of these initiatives, integrating human, animal, and environmental health. It addresses varied legislative and non-legislative actions across the EU-27, Iceland, and Norway, providing a flexible and cost-effective system for monitoring AMR interventions. The framework's development followed a structured methodology, involving desk research, the creation of intervention logic (IL) for both the Action Plan and Council Recommendation, and extensive stakeholder consultations. Indicators were selected based on relevance, feasibility, and data availability, ensuring that they align with EU and Member State priorities.