Study on the maritime trade pattern and freight index in the post-epidemic era: Evidence based on dry bulk market Auto-matic Identification System (AIS) data

The BDI is a barometer of maritime trade, and the shipping trade network may graphically reflect trade pattern evolution. Because commerce influences freight prices, it is worthwhile to consider the influence of maritime network characteristics on freight rates. To begin, this article constructs maritime networks using AIS data and displays the dry bulk trade trend in the period following the pandemic. This will assist shipowners and laypeople in comprehending the evolution of dry bulk maritime commerce in the post-pandemic age. Second, the PVAR model is implemented in this work to investigate the connection between the trade in shipping mode and freight prices. The empirical study demonstrated that shipowners ought to devote more attention to port linkages, particularly significant ports in the maritime network in the years following the pandemic.