The dynamics of maize production in the climate factors variability conditions

Corn has always been the basic culture of the Romanian peasant. It has extensive uses in human nutrition, in animal feed, in industry, and as a product for export activities. For these reasons, maize occupies more than one third of the country's arable land. Maize is a cereal crop with multiple and distinctive phyto-techical and biological peculiarities, of which we mention: it resists well drought and heat; has few diseases and few pests; can be grown on very different lands and under different climatic conditions; supports monoculture; being a sowing plant, leaves the weeds clean; is a good precursor for many plants; makes good use of organic and mineral fertilizers; reacts very strongly to the application of irrigation; can be sown for fodder and even for the second crop; has a very high multiplication factor; allows convenient production of highly productive hybrids and adapts to cultivation areas, etc. The research aims to analyze the evolution of the production of corn crops during 2007-2017 in correlation with the multi-annual fluctuation of the average air temperature, as well as the annual average rainfall, which reveals significant variability from one year to the next, the trend of evolution evoking an ascending trend from the point of view of the thermal resources compared to the hydric ones. It results that, at the level of the agricultural territory of our country, the natural thermal potential is richer than the water one, the limiting factor with negative effects on the field crop productivity being rainfall water. Productivity of crops shows fluctuations from one year to another, being significantly influenced by the variability of climatic conditions and, in particular, the production of extreme climatic events.