The effects of sugar imports from Ukraine on markets and stakeholders in the EU : study prepared for the InfoZentrum Zuckerverwender (IZZ)

In 2016 the EU granted Ukraine trade preferences in the form of tariff rate quotas (TRQs) for agricul- tural products including sugar under the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement. In June 2022 in response to Russia's attack on Ukraine, the EU extended these preferences to full liberalisa- tion of sugar trade under the so-called Autonomous Trade Measures (ATMs). Prior to 2022, EU imports of sugar from Ukraine were sporadic and never amounted to more than 11% of total EU imports in any given month. However, in late 2022 in response to the ATMs, EU im- ports of white sugar from Ukraine increased, and by late 2023 and early 2024 Ukraine was supplying over 50% of the EU's monthly sugar imports. [...]