The Evolving External Orientation of Manufacturing: A Profile of Four Countries

[...]This article presents four measures of externalorientation using industry-specific and time-varying datafor manufacturing industries in four countries—theUnited States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Japan.For each of these countries, we report export revenueshare, imports relative to consumption, and importedinput share in production of all manufacturing industriesidentified by two digits in the Standard Industrial Classificationsystem. We also report an overall measure, netexternal orientation, defined as the difference betweenindustry export share and imported input share in production.2 We present approximately twenty years of data forthe industries in each country from the early 1970s to themid-1990s.[...]