Thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization of a novel biomass-based integrated energy system

Both thermoeconomic modeling and multi-objective optimization studies are undertaken for a novel integrated multigeneration system, containing a biomass combustor, an organic Rankine cycle to produce electricity, a double-effect absorption chiller for cooling, a heat exchanger, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, a domestic water heater to produce hot water and a reverse osmosis desalination unit to produce fresh water. Energy and exergy analyses and an environmental impact assessment are included. A multi-objective optimization method based on a fast and elitist NSGA-II (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm) is developed and employed to determine the best design parameters for the system. The two objective functions utilized in the optimization study are the total cost rate of the system, which is the cost associated with fuel, component purchasing and environmental impact, and the system exergy efficiency. The total cost rate of the system is minimized while the cycle exergy efficiency is maximized using an evolutionary algorithm. To provide insight, the Pareto frontier is shown for a multi-objective optimization. In addition, a closed form equation for the relationship between exergy efficiency and total cost rate is derived. A sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the effects of several design parameters on the system total exergy destruction rate, CO2 emission and exergy efficiency.