effective. Whether calculated per contributor, per person insured (a contributor's spouse and children are co-insured) or as an …Beinahe jährlich wiederkehrende Defizite in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung haben zu einem stetig steigenden … disproportionately strong expenditure growth, incomes subject to contributions have not been eroded. Indeed, on a per capita basis they …

effective. Whether calculated per contributor, per person insured (a contributor's spouse and children are co-insured) or as an …Beinahe jährlich wiederkehrende Defizite in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung haben zu einem stetig steigenden … disproportionately strong expenditure growth, incomes subject to contributions have not been eroded. Indeed, on a per capita basis they …

-for-service reimbursements, a small fraction of improper bills for hospitalization, and was not significantly correlated with diagnosis related … group (DRG) weights. Audit data does not discriminate between intentional (fraudulent) and unintentional upcoding. We … from 2013 – 2019, only 0.39% were for upcoding of hospital admissions, or 7.2% of all prosecutions for hospitals. Other …

percent of the variation in across-worker health care expenditures. Effects are not driven by changes in geography or industry …. We then estimate a measure of relative firm-specific utilization and explore existing correlates to help explain these …

individual behaviors. Government intervention to change individual actions such as smoking and drinking is frequently justified … on externality grounds. External costs of smoking in particular are not very high relative to current taxes, however … internalities justify government action. I then turn to markets for medical care and health insurance. Virtually all governments …

therapeutic groups fasten and slow pharmaceutical growth based on price and/or volume effects. Methods: Annual growth rates of … to analyse a) whether German health policies can achieve sustainable growth of pharmaceutical expenditure, and b) which … pharmaceutical expenditure in the German social health insurance (SHI) between 2006 and 2018 are compared with indicators reflecting …

This paper examines the impact of Medicaid expansions to parents and childless adults on adult mortality. Specifically …-amenable, non-healthcareamenable, and HIV-related mortality rates using state-level data. We utilize the synthetic control method to … estimate effects for each treated state separately and the generalized synthetic control method to estimate average effects …

"The subject of this book is the historical evolution of health care insurance in the United States and, based on that …

sample of 3455 participants, and examined five characteristics: NHI, age, gender, education, employment, and marital status … member of NHI. All marital statuses have more possibility than those who are divorced or widowed to be a member of NHI among … 28.3% of urban poor societies that the NHI has not covered. …

go first to those able to pay or to the oldest in need. Yet, every day we ration healthcare in the United States, and …Not a single COVID-19 crisis standard of care allocation plan suggests that life-saving critical care resources should … advanced age. This blanket preference for older adults lacks normative basis, squanders resources, and perpetuates significant …