Bahrain's automotive industry. Originality/value - This study advances understanding of influencer marketing in a regional … their perceptions. Future research could explore cross-industry comparisons and assess the long-term effects of influencer … marketing on brand equity. Practical implications - Advertisers should prioritize authenticity, local credibility, and alignment …

on consumer purchase intentions, than any other attribute.The novelty is preserved through empirical study in influencer … marketing studies by explicitly defining the directions of relationships and quantifying the magnitude of their impact. The …

the importance of emotional and relational mechanisms in loyalty formation. The study contributes to the influencer … marketing literature by providing a comprehensive, empirically supported framework and by offering fresh insights from a rapidly …