The rise of independent work, self-employment and the growth of the gig economy are all disrupting the traditional …, policymakers have chosen to continue to award employment rights, benefits and protections only to employees. Other workers are … successful outside of an office. In contrast, European Union labour markets and regulations have been slow to change and adapt to …

-least-squares method. The results indicate that GVC position is negatively correlated both with wages and with employment, while the effect …