This paper strives to contribute three things to the literature. The first is a line-sketch theory model that puts consumers into the value chain. It emphasizes the value-creating aspect of superior matching between consumers preferences and the varieties when they can purchase online (and thus...

We use French employer-employee data for the manufacturing sector from 2005 to 2012 to reassess the wage gap between native and foreign workers. In line with previous evidence, we find that immigrants earn less than natives and that exporters pay higher wages. New in this literature, we find...