The aim of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of the strategic challenges and policy options for EU emissions trading as perceived by a wide range of external sources for the 2030-2040 time horizon, including the main arguments supporting different perspectives. It does so by...

This 2024 edition of the energy prices and costs report follows a period of exceptional turbulence on global and European energy markets since 2020. The sustained period of high energy prices has had, and despite prices returning towards pre-crisis levels, continues to have, serious implications...

Biofuels are crucial for reducing emissions in the transport sector, contributing significantly to the objectives of the Fit for 55 package and climate neutrality goals. This role is anticipated to grow in the future as advanced biofuels become increasingly accessible. This expansion will be...

The demand potential of alternatives to fossil fuels is quantified, with an emphasis on advanced biofuels, within the transport sector. In particular, the focus is to understand the additional role that liquid and gaseous advanced biofuels can have in the transport sector compared to what is...

Biofuels are crucial for reducing emissions in the transport sector, contributing significantly to the objectives of the Fit for 55 package and climate neutrality goals. This role is anticipated to grow in the future as advanced biofuels become increasingly accessible. This expansion will be...