Europe's Beating Cancer Plan (EBCP), adopted in February 2021, proposes actions across the four pillars of the cancer pathway, i.e. prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment, and quality of life of cancer patients and survivors, and three cross-cutting themes, i.e. research and...

In this annex we include the four case studies conducted for each of the four pillars of the EBCP. Each case study is based on a selection of project grants, procurement contracts and Joint Actions (JA) related to cancer funded under the EU4Health Programme. The case studies cover projects...

Despite the fact that labour income inequalities have been documented extensively, there is no widely accepted definition of what constitutes an adequate wage measure. This study aims at constructing new indicators of relative wage adequacy across the EU. It should be noted that the indicators...

Council Recommendation on stepping up EU actions to combat antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach (2023/C 220/01) encourages Member States to develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial consumption (AMC) integrated surveillance systems - encompassing human health, animal...

Switzerland has adopted several regulations and strategies to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in humans, animals and the environment over the last two decades. Most recently, the Swiss Strategy on Antibiotic Resistance was adopted in response to the...

Denmark has established one of the most advanced and longstanding integrated surveillance systems for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in Europe. Central to Denmark's success is the early creation of the Danish Programme for surveillance of antimicrobial...

Spain faces a complex situation regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Moreover, antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in humans and animals remains above the European Union (EU) average. In 2014, Spain launched the first National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance (PRAN) to reduce misuse and...

In 2022, Greece recorded the second highest human antibiotic consumption rate in the EU/ European Economic Area (EEA), at 32.9 defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day, 70% higher than the EU/EEA average of 19.4 DDD. Over the past years, Greece has taken steps to strengthen...

Over the past decade, Belgium has taken important steps to improve surveillance and stewardship related to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial consumption (AMC), including the development of the National Action Plan on AMR (NAP-AMR 2020-2024) and the BELMAP report, published in 2021...