This report examines the behavioral effects of inheritance, estate and gift taxes. It also provides an overview of inheritance, estate and gift tax practices in other countries, as well as the reasons that led to the abolition of inheritance taxes in Sweden and Norway. Economic literature...

This report examines the resilience of firms during crises from two perspectives: their ability to resist crises and their capacity to recover. The findings reveal that innovative firms are less likely to cease operations than other firms and are more likely to recover faster. The study further...

This study examines the allocation of business subsidies introduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic to different types of companies. The results show that most of the supported companies would not have needed the subsidy, as they would have remained profitable also in the absence of it....

In economics, the regional densification of economic activity is referred to as agglomeration. The effects of agglomeration are often referred to when discussing the wider economic benefits of transportation infrastructure projects. The magnitude of these effects has not been extensively studied...

In this report, we present the current state of the Finnish food industry through statistics and propose perspectives on the future of the sector. We observe that although the wage level in the industry in Finland is relatively high compared internationally, productivity is also at a good level,...

This report examines the allocation of Finland's green transition and digitalization-related subsidies on an an- nual basis. The analysis utilizes the business subsidy in- formation service system maintained by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, which provides com- prehensive data...

The Data Act, coming into effect in September 2025, imposes new obligations on manufacturers of connected products and providers of related services. This report provides insights into the markets affected by the Data Act and evaluates the scope of business activity it covers in Finland. Large...

The new era of geopolitics and geoeconomy significantly alters the economic landscape and the operating environment. It is already clear that industrial policies and barriers to international trade increasingly influence the location of investment decisions. These trends challenge the...

This report deals with foreign talent in Finland. The report begins by discussing Finland's attractiveness from the perspective of foreign talent and considering what Finland's strengths are and what needs to be developed in Finland to make Finland more attractive. After this, foreign experts...

Finland's Strategic Programme for a Circular Economy seeks to increase both resource productivity and circular material use rate twofold by 2035. Evidence suggests that current policies may not be adequate to reach these targets. Consequently, greater efforts are needed to bridge the gap. The...