This study examines the relationship between immigration and firmlevel innovation in the Finnish manufacturing sector. The analysis leverages unique matched data, including employees' immigration status, firm-level patenting, process and product innovation activities, and innovation inputs...

I study the passthrough of regulated ad valorem pharmacy markups and reduced Value Added Tax (VAT) rates to pharmaceutical retail prices in Finland. My reduced form evidence shows that pharmaceutical manufacturers respond to a decrease in regulated pharmacy markups by increasing their wholesale...

We examine value chain productivity within the EU15 from 1995 to 2017; a period marked by growth and its subsequent slowdown following the 2008 Financial Crisis. Using data on global value chains from the new OECD Inter-Country Input-Output Tables and KLEMS data, we construct a measure of total...

This working paper investigates intangible investments in Finnish firms from 2014 to 2019, utilizing comprehensive, register-based data from Statistics Finland. We analyze seven categories of internal intangible investments and observe that these investments are highly concentrated, with the top...

This paper examines the effects of data privacy regulation on R&D investment in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. In these industries, access to personal health data is essential for innovation, particularly in clinical research. Leveraging a firm-level panel of the world's top R&D...

This paper analyzes the macroeconomic impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) on the Finnish economy, integrating recent literature and empirical evidence into a quantitative multi-sector general equilibrium model. The results indicate that, over a ten-year horizon, GenAI adoption...

This paper examines how firms' environmental performance responds to product- and destination-specific export demand shocks in their export markets. We draw on unique administrative data for Finnish manufacturing firms from 1999 to 2018, matched with national customs records, greenhouse gas...

We examine value chain productivity within the EU15 from 1995 to 2017; a period marked by growth and its subsequent slowdown following the 2008 Financial Crisis. Using data on global value chains from the new OECD Inter-Country Input-Output Tables and KLEMS data, we construct a measure of total...

This working paper investigates intangible investments in Finnish firms from 2014 to 2019, utilizing comprehensive, register-based data from Statistics Finland. We analyze seven categories of internal intangible investments and observe that these investments are highly concentrated, with the top...

I study the passthrough of regulated ad valorem pharmacy markups and reduced Value Added Tax (VAT) rates to pharmaceutical retail prices in Finland. My reduced form evidence shows that pharmaceutical manufacturers respond to a decrease in regulated pharmacy markups by increasing their wholesale...