Some observers warn that a high level of economic dependence on China could negatively affect the economic resilience of western economies and therefore recommend reducing such dependence by gradually decoupling from China. On the other hand, industry leaders emphasise the economic importance of...

This paper examines the challenges in implementing the EU's raw materials policy, including conflicts between minerals extraction, Green Deal objectives, nature restoration targets and public opposition to mining projects. It explores innovative approaches such as invisible mining, enabled by...

This year marks the 25th anniversary of the EU's Macroeconomic Dialogue (MED). Since entering its third decade, the MED has already faced two massive crises: the COVID-19 pandemic and the surge in energy prices. Yet European economic policymakers continue to face multiple macro-structural...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that is transforming every aspect of life from finance to transportation, health care and national security. It has already started to revolutionise the way we communicate, conduct research, analyse data and streamline labour processes. However, AI...