Vertical Handover Decision (VHD) algorithms are indispensable components of forthcoming 4G heterogeneous wireless networks architecture – so as to provide requisite Quality of Service to an assortment of applications anywhere at any time, while allowing seamless roaming in highly dynamic...

This article deals with a key distribution protocol to secure routing in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and proposes a new protocol called KDSR. The authors' protocol has two originalities: to provide a secure network structure for large-scale WSNs, and to use lightweight local...

In Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MAC), the existing MAC protocol based on the short busy advertisement is not an efficient method for data fragmentation. In addition, the data-fragment length adjustment according to the network environments is still an issue. In order to overcome this issue, in this...

Corporate social responsibility is a strategy by which firms address social issues whilst tending to their profit enhancing objectives. However, is a socially responsible firm fulfilling its objectives if current and potential stakeholders perceive it to be unethical, engaging in poor and...

The IP-based data networks and optical networks have been managed independently with layered protocol stack approach. Both of them were over-provisioned to manage any traffic anomalies and failures. The next generation optical network is expected to handle the needs of the emerging applications...

This article describes how telecommunication has a strategic role in national development, which requires a large amount of funding in Indonesia, in spite of the limited financial support from the government. The dynamics of telecommunication law has provided a clear direction, from monopoly to...

This article describes how mobile operators occasionally fail to provide adequate service quality due to network overload, blackouts, or coverage white spots. Customers can increase the quality of connections by multihoming, i.e. using subscriptions of several operators. Multihoming is...

This article describes how P2P resource discovery protocols perform poorly over mobile ad hoc networks mainly due to the frequent network dynamics. Peer-to-Peer search techniques including structured and unstructured can be employed over MANETs. Empirical studies indicate that searching in such...

This article describes how Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G cellular network standard that uses location update (LU) and location search (LS) for mobility management. LU requires update in two location registers (LRs) - home LR (HLR) and visiting LR (VLR) - where one HLR...

IEEE 802.16e is extensively used these days for both data and voice communications as it makes available high-speed wireless access. However, in view of the fact that mobile subscriber stations are powered by a limited capacity battery, power saving mechanism is necessary to improve network...