Emissions trading continues to expand as a flexible policy response to climate change. Its implementation raises complex governance challenges, however, and calls for robust institutional, regulatory and procedural frameworks. Unlike aspects of technical design and implementation, the governance...

This guide to developing domestic carbon crediting mechanisms is intended to assist national and subnational policymakers considering whether and how to establish a carbon crediting mechanism in their jurisdiction. The guide provides insights into the decision points for designing a crediting...

Mexico has made great strides recently in its fight against climate change. The enactment of the Climate Change Law in 2012 and its reform in 2018 led to the creation of a series of administrative and policy instruments to guide domestic action on climate mitigation and adaptation. The...

Currently, about 46 national jurisdictions and 35 cities, states, and regions, representing almost a quarter of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, are putting a price on carbon as a central component of their efforts to reduce emissions and place their growth trajectory on a more sustainable...

The Paris Agreement, with its universal requirement on all countries to submit nationally determined contributions (NDCs), marks a significant change for the framework of international cooperation through carbon markets. With all countries committing themselves to climate action to reduce...

Carbon pricing can reduce emissions cost-effectively, and it can also generate a number of other benefits. This guide provides an overview of these benefits to help policy makers advance a variety of sustainable development objectives in their own countries and around the world. Carbon prices...

The World Bank's partnership for market readiness (PMR), through grant support and technical assistance, supported 23 emerging economies and developing countries in building their institutional and human capacities to design, institute, and implement carbon pricing instruments, such as emission...

Putting a price on carbon can be an indispensable part of a country's strategy to reduce emissions in an efficient way. Furthermore, putting a price on carbon through international carbon markets can also offer significant cost benefits and enable flexibility in achieving emission reduction...

Costa Rica ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and has since developed and implemented national climate policies in accordance with its principles, primarily through the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE) and its institutional structures....

This report provides a survey of the key features associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems that support the pilot emissions trading schemes (ETS) in China. The seven pilots are: Beijing, Chongqing, Guangdong, Hubei, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and...