Regardless of the individual perspectives on Artificial Intelligence (AI), it can transform the personal and professional lives at an unprecedented pace. It will also impact one of the most regulated and supervised industries in the world - the financial sector. Risk-based supervision (RBS) has...

The report presents an analysis of the adoption and implementation of accrual accounting in the public sector to explore its role in providing information on fiscal sustainability, informing economic analysis, and supporting policy decision-making. The analysis examines the benefits and...

This note presents the results of the analysis of Value Added Tax (VAT) and Corporate Income Tax (CIT) compliance and policy gap estimates in Indonesia between 2016 and 2021. The study's objective is to quantify the magnitude of the tax gaps and to identify drivers behind the low efficiency of...

This note examines the effective income tax rates of top earners in Honduras, using a novel approach that links personal and corporate income tax data. This comprehensive income measure, achieved through collaboration with the Honduras Tax Authority (SAR), reveals a crucial link between the...

The transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy is urgently needed to mitigate the profound impacts of climate change. However, this essential transition presents one of the greatest socioeconomic challenges of our era, particularly in terms of employment. Millions of workers in fossil...

The paper advances a framework to take stock of CIT incentives across two interrelated policy objectives: stimulating investment in green sectors and processes; and/or encouraging divestment from dirty sectors. It distinguishes three categories of CIT incentives related to the green agenda: (i)...

This note describes the Devolve-ICMS program, an innovative VAT cashback initiative aimed at refunding taxes to low-income households in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Using administrative records, the authors document several stylized facts about the workings of the program. First,...

GovTech can revolutionize how governments provide services, engage with citizens, and manage resources. However, it is important to address the implications of these technological advancements on climate change. Governments must proactively consider the environmental impacts of their technology...

This paper presents a comprehensive strategic framework for integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into revenue administrations. The framework addresses the challenges of implementing AI without a structured approach and emphasizes the importance of human-AI collaboration. It proposes a...

Adequate budgeting of the judiciary is critical for the effective delivery of justice. This brief presents trends in judicial budgets. Courts account for less than 2 percent of total government expenditure on average, with significant portions dedicated to fixed costs such as salaries, thereby...