In this paper Luhmanns concept of autopoietic social systems will be explained. Redaktion EconBiz]

Based on the implications of Rock (1986) and Beatty/Ritter (1986) this study focuses on the influence of vertical market segmentation. The analysis of 435 German IPOs from 1997-2002 shows that the empirical findings are not clear in harmony with what would be expected.

This article gives an overview of the history of the machine tool industry since numerical controls were invented and introduced and analyzes the disruptive character of this new technologyon the market.

This paper shows that skewness of individual firms return distributions has a considerable spurious effect on the mean-variance relationship as it is usually measured.