Current demographic developments are expected to challenge the sustainability of welfare in industrialised economies. Persistent low fertility levels and increasing survival rates to older age imply a decreasing share of younger individuals within the labour force that needs to support an...

We consider a setting of dual practice, where a physician offers free public treatment and, if allowed, a private treatment for which patients have to pay out of pocket. Private treatment is superior in terms of health outcomes but more costly and time intensive. For the latter reason it...

Effluent limits are frequently based on a uniform emission standard, which applies to all polluting facilities within a single industry. However, the implementation of many environmental protection laws does not lead to uniform effluent limits due to considerations of local environmental...

La grave crisis económica y financiera que atraviesa España tiene, obviamente, numerosas causas. Una de ellas ha sido el brutal impacto que ha tenido la expansión de la masa monetaria tras la entrada de España en el euro sobre los precios de los activos y la estructura económica del país....

El objeto de este artículo es sintetizar la larga historia de la Teoría de las Áreas Monetarias Óptimas, desde las ideas primigenias de mediados del siglo XX hasta los últimos debates surgidos en los albores del siglo XXI, haciendo especial hincapié en las aportaciones del considerado...

Panel Data Toolbox is a new package for MATLAB that includes functions to estimate the main econometric methods of panel data analysis. The package includes code for the standard fixed, between and random effects estimation methods, as well as for the existing instrumental panel and new spatial...

The UN data (1950-2010) and projections (both medium and low-fertility variants for 2015-2040) show that fertility rates are already below replacement level in all continents except Africa. In this paper we develop a simple new approach for population projections based on a Improved Rate...

The problem to allocate effort to innovation activities is defined and modelled for any single entrepreneur according to its propensity to innovate, which combines pure innovation and rent-seeking strategies. The allocation problem is solved both analytically and via simulation. The individual...

We propose a framework to analyze convergence between regions, incorporating the public sector and technological knowledge spillovers in the context of a Neoclassical Growth Model. Secondly, we apply novel estimation methods pertaining to the spatial econometrics literature introducing a spatial...

Apart from the well-known weaknesses of the standard Malmquist productivity index related to infeasibility and not accounting for slacks, already addressed in the literature, we identify a new and significant drawback of the Malmquist-Luenberger index decomposition that questions its validity as...