Digitalization has become a pivotal force shaping global trade and economic development, particularly across emerging economies. BRICS nations demonstrate diverse trajectories of digital expansion that reflect varying degrees of globalization, technological adoption, and policy frameworks. This...

This study analyzes the impact that economic, political, and social globalization has had on carbon dioxide emissions in BRICS countries from 1991 to 2022. An empirical analysis has been performed by using the panel ordinary least squares, fixed effects, fully modified ordinary least squares,...

This study investigates how various facets of globalization directly affect CO₂ emissions under the widely recognized Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework, utilizing panel data from a broad cross-section of countries. By incorporating economic, political, and social globalization...

This study investigates the interplay between oil price variations and stock market performance in Europe over the period 1991–2023. By analysing Europe as a cohesive economic entity, the research provides a unified view of how trends in energy markets and broader macroeconomic factors affect...

Management of sustainable transportation currently is one of the most important aspects of a country's or a region's development from an economic and social point of view considering the net zero requirements The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is recognized as an essential means of achieving...

In macroeconomic literature, fiscal policy is considered a powerful tool to achieve sustainable development, full employment, and social well-being in developed and developing societies. For this, public authority uses expansionary and contractionary tax policies to achieve stable growth and...