Mit dem Bürgergeld hat der Gesetzgeber die einjährige Karenzzeit eingeführt: Für die Wohnkosten entfällt im ersten Jahr des Bürgergeld-Bezugs die Prüfung der Angemessenheit, sie werden also vom Jobcenter übernommen, und zusätzlich gelten anfangs höhere Freibeträge für Vermögen....

Mass mobilization (MM) is an important driver of political change. While some citizens organize in favor of more democratic institutions, others take to the streets to support an authoritarian status quo. This article introduces measures of pro-democratic and pro-autocratic MM using expert...

This study argues that strong parties play a critical role in fostering economic development. The theory explores how parties broaden the constituencies to which policy makers respond and help politicians to solve coordination problems. These features ensure that politicians engage in better...

Governments routinely justify why the regime over which they preside is entitled to rule. These claims to legitimacy are both an expression of and shape of how a rule is being exercised. In this paper, we introduce new expert-coded measures of regime legitimation strategies (RLS) for 183...