Many estimators of the variance of the well-known unbiased and uniform most powerful estimator of the Mann–Whitney effect, are considered in the literature. Some of these estimators are only valid in cases of no ties or are biased in small sample sizes where the amount of bias is not...

Many estimators of the variance of the well-known unbiased and uniform most powerful estimator of the Mann–Whitney effect, are considered in the literature. Some of these estimators are only valid in cases of no ties or are biased in small sample sizes where the amount of bias is not...

Rank-based inference methods are applied in various disciplines, typically when procedures relying on standard normal theory are not justifiable. Various specific rank-based methods have been developed for two and more samples and also for general factorial designs (e.g. Kruskal–Wallis test or...

Multiple contrast tests can be used to test arbitrary linear hypotheses by providing local and global test decisions as well as simultaneous confidence intervals. The ANOVA-F-test on the contrary can be used to test the global null hypothesis of no treatment effect. Thus, multiple contrast tests...

In diagnostic trials, clustered data are obtained when several subunits (e.g., organs or vessels) of the same patient are observed where no, several, or all subunits may be diseased or non-diseased as classified by a gold standard. In such a design, repeated measures appear in a natural way...