Over the last few years, Europe has witnessed a rapid advance in technology in every sector. The emergence of multimodal digital mobility services (MDMS) has transformed the concept of mobility. In 2020, the European Commission committed to fostering multimodality as part of its Sustainable and...

1. Introduction -- Part I. Arctic governance -- 2. Alaska in U.S.-Russian Relations from the Alaska Purchase to the Russo-Ukrainian War -- 3. U.S. Arctic policy in the context of Russian capabilities and Chinese activities -- 4. Arctic Border governance in a post-invasion era: How Russia’s...

Setting the Scene / Matthias Finger, Emin Köksal & Muzaffer Eroğlu -- Infrastructure Development / Hakan Erek -- Policies and Legislation : A Historical Overview and Current Perspectives on Digitalization in Türkiye / Fatma Davarcıoğlu Özaktaş & Şahin Ardıyok -- Development of...

Aviation is crucial for Europe's mobility, connectivity and competitiveness. With over 900 million air passengers travelling to, from and within the European Union each year, Europe makes up a third of the global aviation market. Liberalisation of the internal aviation market has been a major EU...

Rail transport and inland waterways are crucial to achieve the objectives outlined in the Green Deal agenda. These aims include a 55% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 and attaining climate neutrality by 2050. The Railway Guidelines play a fundamental role in this context, enabling support...

The Performance Review Commission (PRC) is an independent body supported by EUROCONTROL with a remit to review and report on European air traffic management (ATM) performance. While performance has improved over time, this has not always been consistent and the PRC believes that future...

Cooperative, connected and automated mobility (CCAM) offers a unique opportunity to make EU transport systems safer, cleaner, more efficient and more user-friendly. In its most advanced form, CCAM services use automated connected vehicles, also known as self-driving cars and trucks, which can...

The Recast Directive opens the single European railway area to competition. Competition is gradually emerging across the EU but there are obvious asymmetries among Member States, in particular in the commercial passenger sector, which includes high-speed services (see RMMS 2023, Figure 79)....