Advances in film and video technology in recent years have made in increasingly feasible for students of social interaction to record, for fine-grained analyses, sound-image records (SIR). Such records have two principal advantages: density and permanence. Optimal data continues to require that...

There are risks to individuals whose behaviors are recorded for use in social research; the risks are ordinarily less than those to subjects of biomedical research or even some behavioral experiments—and are phenomenally similar to those faced in all interaction. Unwarranted inferences...