This paper describes the experimental characterization of a 25cm2 laboratory scale vanadium redox flow battery (V-RFB). The unit cell performance with respect to voltage, coulombic and energy efficiencies under different performance parameters (current densities, operating temperatures, flow...

As a key component of flow batteries, the flow field is to distribute electrolytes and to apply/collect electric current to/from cells. The critical issue of the flow field design is how to minimize the mass transport polarization at a minimum pressure drop. In this work a three-dimensional...

In this paper, we use a combination of VDR theory and patchwork method to derive an efficient algorithm for generating uniform random points on a unit d-sphere. We first propose an algorithm to generate random vector with uniform distribution on a unit 2-sphere on the plane. Then we use VDR...