This study aims to bring forward a preliminary assessment of policy options for a possible review of the Sewage Sludge Directive. The main problem identified is that current sludge management is not fully aligned with current EU policy objectives, particularly on environmental and human health...

Circular Economy Strategies for the EU's Renewable Electricity is a Joint Research Centre (JRC) exploratory study that provides a new perspective and new evidence on waste streams emerging from the transition to renewable electricity in the EU. The analysis supports the policy-making process and...

In the context of the EU's Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP), the Joint Research Centre is investigating the rationale for harmonising separate collection systems for municipal waste. The present report reviews and identifies the key parameters and elements making up a waste collection system,...

The EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles envisages "a circular textiles ecosystem that has sufficient capacities for innovative fibre-to-fibre recycling, while the incineration and landfilling of textiles is reduced to the minimum". The general objective of this study is to...

According to Article 21(4) of the Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC), the Commission is required to consider the feasibility of adopting measures for the treatment of waste oils, in particular further measures to promote waste oil regeneration. In 2017, of the approximately 4.3 Mt...

Social media manager, Airbnb host, influencer, SEO specialist, app developer, Uber driver, driverless car engineer, podcast producer and drone operator: these are just some of the jobs that did not exist 10 years ago. What will happen in the future? What will today's 10-year-olds do when they...

Social media manager, Airbnb host, influencer, SEO specialist, app developer, Uber driver, driverless car engineer, podcast producer and drone operator: these are just some of the jobs that did not exist 10 years ago. What will happen in the future? What will today's 10-year-olds do when they...