Highlights:• State-of-art review of vine copulas and stationary vine copulas.• Two types of vine copula models to capture cross-sectional and temporal dependence in ESG data.• Extreme ESG classes (i.e., classes A and D) show the highest and nonGaussian dependence to the market.• Future...

Climate change and sustainability have become societal focal points in the last decade. Consequently, companies have been increasingly characterized by non-financial information, such as environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores, based on which companies can be grouped into ESG classes....

Evaluating companies' sustainability embraces environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities. Data providers assign companies ESG scores as a quantitative measure based on available information. Refinitiv (previously ASSET4) is a key data provider whose scores are used extensively by...

While environmental, social, and governance (ESG) trading activity has been a distinctive feature of financial markets, the debate if ESG scores can also convey information regarding a company's riskiness remains open. Regulatory authorities, such as the European Banking Authority (EBA), have...

Economic growth in many countries is increasingly driven by successful startups that operate as online platforms. These success stories have motivated us to define and classify various online platforms according to their business models. This study discusses strategic and operational issues...

We investigate heterogeneous customer choice behavior in the presence of main products, ancillary services with options of pay-per-use and subscription, as well as the outside option. The willingness to pay for service subscription is derived as a closed-form expression, which enables us to...