The road to Kazakhstan's pension and social reform -- The unsustainable welfare state -- The political economy of the reform -- Macro-actuarial forecasts -- Kazakhstan's economic transformation, 1989-2007 -- Pension benefits during the transition period -- Performance of pension funds -- Legal...

On the basis of portfolio selection theory, this paper finds that whole-farm risk must be regarded as a major reason for the low level of credit flow to agriculture in North-western Kazakhstan. A quadratic programming model was used in order (a) to demonstrate the comparatively high overall risk...

Die Verhältnisse an den internationalen Agrarmärkten haben sich in den letzten Jahren grundlegend gewandelt. Traditionelle Exporteure von Agrarprodukten wurden zu Abnehmern und umgekehrt. Eine ganze Reihe bislang im internationalen Agrarhandel nicht maßgeblicher Länder beeinflusst...