This document provides clarifications and guidance for researchers seeking to replicate the analyses in our paper. This is important as we identified some items in the published text and the code where additional clarity would be helpful. While none of these affect our substantive conclusions,...

Drawing on agency theory, this study explores how the geographical distribution of institutional shareholders affects corporate ESG rating disagreements. A higher geographical concentration of institutional shareholders is found to correlate with reduced ESG rating disagreements, as...

This study aims to examine whether family firms differ from nonfamily firms in their propensity to save cash, particularly in response to new investment opportunities, and to assess how investors value the cash holdings of family versus nonfamily firms in light of potential agency concerns. The...

This study analyzes the effects of country-level shareholder protection and agency costs on the cash-holding policies of family firms.Data were collected for 2,159 European firms for the period 2010-2019. The authors estimate the model using the generalized method of moments.Agency costs are...

This study investigates the effect of government pay policy for chief executive officer's (CEO's) compensation on corporate innovation (CI). Furthermore, it explores the role of the CEO's career horizon and shareholding in this nexus. Utilizing the difference-in-differences method to analyze...