This study develops an interpretable machine learning framework for type 1 motor insurance renewal classification using 70,290 real-world Thai policies, providing essential insights for pricing, customer retention, and operational decision making. The dataset was partitioned into a 70% training...

A Bonus-Malus System (BMS) is a ratemaking mechanism used in insurance to adjust premiums based on a policyholder's claim history, with the goal of segmenting risk profiles more accurately. A BMS typically comprises three key components: the number of BMS levels, the transition rules dictating...

The estimation of age-to-age development factors is fundamental to loss reserving, with direct implications for risk management and regulatory compliance in the auto insurance sector. The precise and robust estimation of these factors underpins the credibility of case reserves and the effective...