Digitization has importantly expanded the scope for reusing music in movies, a process known as music synchronization. We use panel data on Netflix and Shazam to estimate the causal effect of music synchronization on the discovery of reused songs. Our results show that songs are substantially...

This paper quantifies the degree of competition among Wal-Mart and different retail channels by exploiting a unique dataset that describes a consumer’s choice of store. Using a discrete choice model, I estimate a consumer’s choice of retailer in the sales market for DVDs among online, mass...

The audio compact disc (CD) has been a common item in most households ever since its introduction in the early 1980s. A pioneer format in digital music, it captured the imagination of many at the time of its inception. In this article, I present the CD as a business history case, from being a...