Special education serves more than one in seven U.S. students yet its causal impact remains understudied. Using longitudinal data from Massachusetts, Indiana, and Connecticut, we estimate the effect of individualized supports with an event-study design that tracks achievement around initial...

Special education serves more than one in seven U.S. students yet its causal impact remains understudied. Using longitudinal data from Massachusetts, Indiana, and Connecticut, we estimate the effect of individualized supports with an event-study design that tracks achievement around initial...

In the 2010s, Peru experienced an increase in public educational investment, a substantial improvement in public school learning outcomes, and an erosion in the private sector learning premium. We use longitudinal, geo-coded register data on primary schools and pupils in urban areas to study how...

The report assesses two Department of Education's (DepEd) student financial assistance schemes under the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education (GASTPE) program. Those schemes are the Educational Service Contracting (ESC) and the Senior High School Voucher (SHSV)...

The main aim of this study is to examine how education policies in the public sector of Chile have shaped civic participation among stakeholders in the education sector. We address two complementary research questions. First, has the implementation of top-down State-level education policies...

This study examines the short-term effects of Finland’s 2021 reform, which extended compulsory schooling to age 18. Using detailed administrative data, I analyze changes in educational outcomes and early labor market outcomes following the reform. The reform is associated with a 20% reduction...

The number of children in the UK is expected to decline by about 7% or 800,000 between 2025 and 2035. Policymakers could use this as an opportunity to make savings in the education budget, or they could use existing resources more intensively over a smaller population, through smaller class...