Road ratio, representing the proportion of roads in the street view, exerts varying degrees of visual influence on the mental well-being of residents. In our study, we surveyed the psychological conditions of 2,636 Hong Kong residents across four periods: before, during, and after the pandemic....

Background: Urban disasters expose persistent gaps in the operational picture and timely decision-making for response teams, which require user-centred systems that connect analysis to action. This study proposes and formatively validates an integrated framework that couples digital twins and...