travel, with a specific focus on bus travel as the primary mode of transportation. While literature often examines these … role of transportation, particularly bus travel, in shaping travel motivations and well-being outcomes. Using a qualitative … approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals who had participated in bus-based sightseeing tours. The findings …

We develop a model to perform a cost-benefit analysis of bus fare subsidies under financial constraints that preclude … the purchase of additional buses. Our model considers users' costs in the provision of bus services and the lack of road … ability to plan and design the bus system. Because of financial constraints, the bus system can hardly accommodate demand …