In the United States, exchange-traded funds can defer capital gains taxes of their investors by taking advantage of a …

selection. A transaction tax reduces the probability of trade. The opposite implications hold for a tax on capital gains. The …

systemic profit retention over long periods to take advantage of lower tax rates, including preferential treatment of capital … gains. We find no evidence that this tax-induced retention increases business investment. It does, however, substantially …

gains in the EU. Total estimated Bitcoin capital gains in the EU amount to 12.7 billion EUR in 2020, including 3.6 billion … EUR of realized gains. Applying national tax rules on capital gains from shares to those from Bitcoin yields a simulated … capital gains from Bitcoin in the EU. While most of the empirical cryptocurrency literature is based on time-series data, this …

lifetime capital gains exemption that resulted in increased capital gains taxation for some individuals. The unique setting … allows us to distinguish between short-term avoidance responses and permanent responses to capital gains taxes. We show that … the exemption did not change the number of taxpayers reporting positive capital gains, and thus unlikely resulted in …