Most meetings of the Governing Council of the ECB take place intra muros at the ECB's premises in Frankfurt. Some meetings, however, are held extra muros, i.e. outside Frankfurt, hosted by one of the national central banks. This paper uses high-frequency surprises from meeting days to show that...

Group cooperation, which can make the maximization of benefits, will also be affected by some factors like institutional environment, group effect, and interest conflicts among members. This paper makes study on the intra-group interactions and cooperation of team members through the modified...

Opinion dynamics play an important role in the consensus reaching process (CRP) when tackling social network group decision making (SNGDM) problems. Opinion reliability can be regarded as an important characteristic of expert to indicate the reliability of experts’ opinions in social trust...

In group decision-making (GDM), there exist cognitive and realistic uncertainties and humans exhibit hesitation and ambiguity. Using probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) can better adapt to the above challenges. However, the current PLTS-based methods rarely take the subjectivity and...

Liquid Democracy is a voting system touted as the golden medium between representative and direct democracy: decisions are taken by referendum, but voters can delegate their votes as they wish. The outcome can be superior to simple majority voting, but even when experts are correctly identified,...

We use a modified die-rolling experiment to study whether negative externality affects a group's decisions about whether to cheat. Our results show that group members are less likely to lie when faced with a passive out-group player only if two members of the group share an unequal payment for...

Political identity has become the strongest social divide within Western societies. This paper employs experiments to measure discrimination along multiple dimensions of social identity, and replicates previous findings showing the strongest discrimination against out-groups occurs in the...