Affiliation has been a prominent assumption in the study of economic models with statistical dependence. Despite its large number of applications, especially in auction theory, affiliation has limitations that are important to be aware of. This paper shows that affiliation is a restrictive...

Estimation of longitudinal models of relationship status between all pairs of individuals (dyads) in social networks is challenging due to the complex inter-dependencies among observations and lengthy computation times. To reduce the computational burden of model estimation, a method is...

A conditional version of the extended Kolmogorov–Feller weak law of large numbers is established, which generalizes the existing results and is actually adapted to a sequence of exchangeable random variables provided the conditional σ-algebra is taken as the tail σ-algebra or the σ-algebra...

Traditional literature on impact evaluation often deals with binary programs. In reality, a program can provide different amounts of treatment for people, and it is regarded as a continuous variable. This paper discusses impact evaluation of a continuous program using matching methods and...

Abstract Augmenting the graphoid axioms with three additional rules enables us to handle independencies among observed as well as counterfactual variables. The augmented set of axioms facilitates the derivation of testable implications and ignorability conditions whenever modeling assumptions...