Firm-level default models are important for bottomup modeling of the default risk of corporate debt portfolios. However, models in the literature typically have several strict assumptions which may yield biased results, notably a linear effect of covariates on the log-hazard scale, no...

This paper investigates how the ordering of variables affects properties of the time-varying covariance matrix in the Cholesky multivariate stochastic volatility model.It establishes that systematically different dynamic restrictions are imposed whenthe ratio of volatilities is time-varying....

A factor model based covariance matrix is used to build a new form of Mahalanobis distance. The distribution and relative properties of the new Mahalanobis distances are derived. A new type of Mahalanobis distance based on the separated part of the factor model is defined. Contamination effects...