In today's fast-paced digital landscape, the importance of human factors in cybersecurity has become increasingly evident yet is often overlooked. This research employs the Delphi method to achieve expert consensus on the managerial actions that enhance cybersecurity by leveraging human factors....

This study empirically investigates the performance of Elastic Machine Learning, an industrial, unsupervised anomaly detection tool, in the identification of fraudulent behavior in banking transactions. Using AI-generated datasets that were designed to simulate realistic banking environments,...

We propose a quantitative framework to track systemic risk arising from cyber vulnerabilities of the U.S. financial system. Synthesizing financial, economic, cyber, and network data that covers thousands of financial institutions and technological firms, we develop an index that tracks...

As Thailand's financial sector accelerates its digital transformation, cybersecurity has transitioned from a mere technical support function to a strategic imperative that governs operational risk and financial stability. This study empirically examines the efficacy of cyber risk controls and...

The paper synthesizes global experiences and key lessons in the regulation and supervision of cyber risk in the financial sector. It draws on the IMF’s financial stability surveillance and technical assistance work. It underscores the increasing frequency and complexity of cyber threats. These...

Investment in cybersecurity in an interconnected banking system has public-good properties: positive externalities can generate systemic underinvestment. Using confidential supervisory data from the European Central Bank, we first identify "laggard" European banks that underinvest relative to...