economic and social upgrading, we reveal that process upgrading leads to the same outcome of social upgrading and downgrading … factors that influence economic and social upgrading of smallholders and Abusa sharecroppers in GCVC. In our conclusion, we …This paper identifies several governance factors that enable economic upgrading and the link between economic and …

’s research findings suggest that the combination of economic and social upgrading is positively associated with suppliers …

impact on economic and social upgrading. It aims to illuminate how GVCs can advance our understanding about MNEs and rising … power (RP) firms and their impact on economic and social upgrading in fragmented and dispersed global production systems … governance. Findings – The paper underscores the complicated role of GVCs in shaping economic and social upgrading for emerging …