Which incentives have the strongest impact on the size of the shadow economy? Is it about government's pressure against … determining the size of the shadow economy, using the case of the Russian taxi market. It uses a unique dataset of taxi licensing … market, with higher repressiveness leading to a smaller shadow economy. In contrast, the effect of carrots was insignificant …

This paper has four goals: First, the use of cash as a possible driving factor of the shadow economy is investigated … somewhat larger than on the shadow economy, but it is certainly not a decisive factor for bribery activities. Some figures … a minor influence on the shadow economy, crime and terrorism, but potentially a major influence on civil liberties. …

development and international trade openness with regard to the size of the underground economy in 20 EU (European Union … sector development and trade openness on the size of the underground economy. In addition to the static relationship … of the underground economy, and the existence of the negative correlation between the official GDP and the size of the …