estimating the size of the shadow economy for 157 countries over 1991 to 2017. The results suggest that the OECD countries are by … far the lowest with values below 20% of off official GDP and the shadow economy is larger in Latin America and Sub ….9 %. What is really remarkable, that the average decline of the shadow economy from 1991 to 2017 is 6.8 percentage points. The …

We study the association between oil rents and tax revenues, highlighting the importance of the shadow economy as a … associated with the tax revenues in a country with a moderate size of shadow economy. Declining oil rents may not lead to higher … tax efforts of the state if the shadow economy is sizable. Using a sample of 124 countries from 1991 to 2015, our panel …

disease epidemics on the worldwide prevalence of the shadow or the underground economy. The informal sector undermines … spread of the shadow economy. Using data on nearly 130 nations and nesting the empirical analysis in the broader literature … leads to an increase in the prevalence of the shadow economy by about 2.1 percent. These findings about the spillovers from …

population employed in the informal economy during the period from 2001 to 2018; the impact of the level of labor market … migrants to Ukraine. The level of employment of the population in the informal sector of the economy is analyzed. It is …