This study endeavors to scrutinize the impact of board characteristics on firm performance directly as well as through the moderating influence of institutional ownership. Tobin' Q and market-to-book ratio are the proxies of firm performance as dependent variable. The analytical approach...

Firms increasingly rely on markets for technology to acquire innovations developed outside their boundaries, yet acquiring intellectual property rights alone often does not guarantee successful implementation. Many technologies depend on tacit know- how that must be supplied by the provider...

This study investigates whether Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) serves as a risk-mitigating or cost-inducing signal for firms' market value in an emerging market. Utilising a panel dataset of 120 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (2015-2023) and employing content...

Using unique administrative data that link privately held firm owners to rich background information, we provide novel evidence on underage children as firm owners. Ownership occurs at all ages 0--17, with a mean age of 12. Childhood ownership is strongly concentrated among high-income families,...