Electronic communications networks are defined as "means transmission systems, whether or not they are based on a permanent infrastructure or centralised administration capacity, and, where applicable, switching or routing equipment and other resources." The telecommunication industry consists...

Microelectronics can be defined as "electronic devices manufactured using semiconducting materials". A chip is a "set of miniaturised electronic circuits composed of active discrete devices (transistors, diodes), passive devices (capacitors, resistors) and the interconnections between them,...

Developing, deploying and operating trusted electronics in Europe is a prerequisite for Europe's technological sovereignty and foundation for secure and trustworthy applications of all kinds. The supply chains of electronics involve a large number of specialised partners around the world and...

The advance of integrated electronics fundamentally changed societies, states, economies and ultimately our personal lives. Starting from simple circuits and single transistors to integrated circuits with billions of transistors, driving most advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence is...