Synthetische Biokraftstoffe zählen zusammen mit Bioethanol aus der Fermentation von Lignozellulose zu den Biokraftstoffen der zweiten Generation. Typisch für diese Biokraftstoffe ist, dass für ihre Herstellung die gesamte Pflanzenmasse genutzt wird, einschließlich der Zellulose,...

A Climate Agreement, like the one reached in Kyoto in 1997, on reducing greenhouse gas emissions may have important effects on the global and the national economies. The aim of this paper is to make some basic numerical evaluations of the economic effects of climate policies, imposing a ceiling...

This work is an attempt to map and compare the publicly funded research efforts carried out by the EC and Member States in the EU and those undertaken in the US and in Japan in all fields of non-nuclear energy research. It sheds light on the various research agendas and the coordination and...

This publication aims to give an overview of the methods and results concerning the future challenges in energy. Using various tools for energy foresight - quantitative models, Delphi survey and back-casting approach - Energy futures analyses Europe in a world context. It also highlights the...

Estimated potential of solar energy in India is nearly 20,000 times more than the presently installed capacity of 137600 MW of electricity (as on 2005). Higher cost per unit is one of the limiting factors in harnessing the full potential of solar energy. A practical option to reduce cost is...

Investment in renewable energy, both in research and development and in commercial production, has risen significantly during the current decade. Although a variety of different renewable sources have been targeted for expansion, biomass technologies, especially those for converting biomass to...