Shahini, Ledjon; Serreqi, Martin - In: Economies : open access journal 14 (2026) 2, pp. 1-33
This paper examines how financial development shapes total factor energy efficiency (TFEE) across the European Union …. This extension is both methodological and substantive as it integrates the Western Balkans into the finance-energy … efficiency discourse and offers policy-relevant evidence regarding the effectiveness of current financial architectures in the …