Ukraine, migration, and the economy were uppermost on the agenda of the European Council in 2023 as EU leaders sought to maximise support for the victim of Russia's military aggression, cope with a rising number of refugees and asylum seekers and halt the EU's declining global competitiveness....

This paper analyzes developmental trajectories in the EU. In doing so, it diagnoses economic polarization on two different levels: for one, we observe a divergence of average incomes across EU countries as a persistent empirical feature associated with European integration. For another, European...

This paper analyzes developmental trajectories in the EU. In doing so, it diagnoses economic polarization on two different levels: for one, we observe a divergence of average incomes across EU countries as a persistent empirical feature associated with European integration. For another, European...

The new German government will have three fundamental policy issues to wrestle with: the war in Ukraine and European security, the future of global trade, and structural issues that hold back growth. Ukraine: If U.S. support wanes, Europe must stand ready. Trade: Trump's tariffs offer...

The fundamental challenges that Germany is facing - increasing productivity, combining the transformation to climate neutrality with economic growth, making the economy more resilient - cannot be tackled in large part without Europe. This is in the nature of things: resilience and security of...